Online Games Effects

INTRODUCTION As years passed by, new generations starter to grow. Our world right now is different than before. At this time, modern technologies are patronized by people specially students because of its advantages. Without looking on the other side, these innovations can also cause and bad effects. Because of technology, new thing were created that sustains and lightens human work. Computers were created because of technology. Computers were the greatest thing ever invented by man itself. Some researcher wants to know the effects of playing online games on the academic performances of the students.The reason why the researcher have chosen this particular research topic was know the advantages of playing computer games on the academic performances of the selected high school students. Online games can have bad effects on people’s life specially the learners. Online game addiction has become popular in society which seriously influences children both physically and mentally. S tudents can spend most of their time sitting by the computer, playing games, being hooked up in playing from early morning until midnight without eating anything.This leads to the lack of physical activities among the students which makes them less active and getting low grades from school. They ignore everything around them, talking no one and have no interaction with the outside world. They even tell lies to their parents like going outside without permission, which becomes a bad habit that needs to be prevented. (James Brown) When the internet was first created programmers from all over the world, created different games that could be play over the internet. Internet games (also known as online games) are games that are played online via the internet.They are distinct from video and computer games in that they are normally platform independent relying solely on client side technology (normally called (‘plug-ins’). Normally all that Is required to play internet games are a web browser and the appropriate plug in (normally available for free via plug-in makers website). Development in technology brings many things that people don’t have many years back. One of these things is online gaming that is provided by the internet. According to Wikipedia, Online game is a video games played over some form of computer network, using a personal computer, video game console or hand held game onsole. This network is usually the internet or equivalent technology, but games have always used whatever technology was current: modems before the Internet, and hard wired terminals before modems. The expansion of online of online gaming has reflected the overall expansion of computer networks from small local networks to the Internet and the growth of Internet access itself. Online games can range from simple text based games to games incorporating complex graphics and virtual worlds populated by many players simultaneously.Many online games have associated onl ine communities, making online games a form of social activity beyond single player games. Online gaming one of the widely used leisure activities by many people including students. Students who are playing these online games said that they are playing these games just for fun, to keep away from the heat of the sun, without knowing that there are a lot of effects of playing these games that are more that what they think. Playing online games, according to some research is beneficial.It enables the mind of the players to be more active especially those puzzle-based games. It helps the player to come up with decisions in tight situation, especially those adventure games that keep the players to be alert, active and strategic. An online game affects the management of the students. Students with addiction to it give more time on online gaming that studying. For the minors, it can affect their behavior. They might imitate that characters on the games which can make them think of violent actions. Because sometimes character on online game are violent. Chapter I Background a) GLOBALAccording to the latest research from Japan, prolonged periods playing with game consoles can lead to decreased brain activity and cause users to suffer form severe emotional and behavioral problems. The study, conducted at Tokyo’s Nihon University, has revealed that people who spend long periods playing video games demonstrate less activity in the prefrontal region of their brain which governs emotion and creativity that their peers. Researchers claim that side effects can include loss of concentrations, an inability to control temper and problems socializing or associating with others.Some of the physical effects of online games are â€Å"Social isolation†, players often play alone and the games have little real-world application. They may spend less time in other activities such as sports, reading, interacting with family, or doing homework. Increased aggressive behavior, despite the limitation of the studies, most experts agree on the basic link between games and increased aggression. Desensitization to gender issues, women are often portrayed as weak, ineffective, or having exaggerated chests.Rewarding violent behavior, in violent online games, the winners are usually the ones who have more violent options at their command, and use them. † Some students are more prone to flashes of light when they occur at certain frequencies† says Walsh, a scientist. Recent data from UCLA’s Higher Education Research Institute provides useful information about online game usage on high school campuses. The data show that most high school students have played video games, many played online games, many play them regularly, and a small percentage use them as a primary means of entertainment and leisure.In the 2009 Freshmen Survey, around 1% of respondents admitted to playing over 20 hours of online games per week. Over 35% of the respondents stated that they play at least one hour per week. The trend toward increased online game and other interactive digital media usage does not appear to be going away. The upcoming high school students are even more likely to be tightly tried to their technology than students are today. The current generation is exceedingly comfortable with technology and electronic entertainment.One study noted that the average American youngster now spend one-third of each day with some form of electronic media. (Escobar-Chaves and Anderson, 2008) Some studies have yielded no significant online game effects, just as some smoking studies failed to find a significant link to lung cancer. But when one combines all relevant empirical studies using meta-analytic techniques, five separate effects emerge with considerable consistency. Violent online games are significantly associated with: increased aggressive behavior, thoughts and affect: increased physiological arousal; and decreased prosocial behavior. Anders on, 2003, Myths and Facts, para. 1) In another study which considers available research on media violence, several relevant conclusions were reached (Anderson, et al. , 2003). It was found that there are â€Å"sufficient studies with sufficient consistency† to back up several important finding (Anderson, et al. , 2003, p. 93). Online games violence is linked to aggression in the short term. Cross-sectional studies have been able to how a correlation between long term exposures to online games violence and real world violence.A few longitudinal studies are also able to suggest that online game exposure has long term effects on aggression. It should be noted that Craig Anderson, on of the author of this study has been criticized for overstating the data on online games and its link to aggression and violent behavior. (Block and Crain, 2007) b) NATIONAL Online game it has an effect t on the students here in the Philippines as well as their lifestyle, job, health and school perfo rmance. One of the online games here in Philippines that students are really addicted with it, is World of Warcraft also known as DOTA.Playing this game also triggers the player to lose his/her temper and values, it is because of the different languages used during the game or what we called â€Å"trash talks†. Trash talks such as foul languages can really lose their temper and values. As a result, the both sides will fight against each other. Online game is an outlet for the player to be who they really are inside unlike in the real world; we are expected to act a certain way or do thing a certain way. In online game, a player can be anything and everything they’ve ever imagine or believed.This can be extremely harmful because players have said they forget about what’s going on around them or dealing with real life situation or problems. When gamer starts to play the online game more often and longer, it can have some lasting effects on their life. Students hav e reported relationships failures to their parents and low school performance due to their online game addiction. Some of them have become addicted, they’ve actually lost their concentration in their studies and resulting into school life failures and worst of all they always have final grades which are so badly and cause for them to retain.Long term online game addiction can have lasting bad effects on the gamer’s health. Gamers become depressed because the virtual world and genuine line between real world and virtual world. They tend not to ask out for help because their ashamed. They are hesitating that the game has so ashamed their life is out of their control due to an online games. Aside from addiction, gambling is also one of the results of online games to the students here in the Philippines. The country’s President Ninoy Aquino said that â€Å"Online games is another source of gambling here in our country†.Aquino sited a particular place where ga mbling in online games is rampant. â€Å"Parents should watch out for their children because most common participants in internet gambling are student form High Secondary have and College even Elementary pupils (â€Å"Television†, 2012) It can very difficult for someone, who had not playing an online game, to understand how someone becomes addicted. Addicted gamers change their way of thinking about reality. Everything in the real world starts to look fake but the game becomes reality. Addicted gamers sometimes lose everything and have to begin their lives over in a sense.They have to start getting back the basics and work back into life. For some with help that thinking can go back to normal. While others need a lot more help. There is online gamers anonymous which is a 12 step self help group. They have a 24 hours meeting place online in a forum setup. In some communities, there’s place a gamer can go to work through and addiction. As in any situation where new tech nology is introduced, the social impact of the Internet is being looked at. One social problem that has been observed is that the Internet cafe has become mainly game centers.About one-half to two-thirds of the computers in a typical Internet cafe, according to one study, are devoted to games (violent and gory games). The use of the remaining computers was roughly split between browsing, email, online chat, word processing and research. The Internet cafes have become not just game centers. They are becoming centers off addiction among the youth, mostly boys, including elementary school pupils. According to one concerned Internet cafe entrepreneur, â€Å"Internet cafes are seducing youths to a new form of addiction, one which may not destroy their bodies as drugs do, but which is certainly twisting their minds.To the young play is reality and reality is play. † (Maslog C. , 1998) Chapter II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Computer had its own origin in the late 1940s. Originally, computers were considered as machines meant exclusively for doing calculations. The name computer was derived from the word Compute based on the fact that the machine was meant for doing computation. I course of time, computers were being used for a number of wide and varied applications ranging from playing games, downloading application and documents, communicating with remote methods of using computers also took a new direction during the past years.Initially computers were used as single standalone machines kept isolated from other computers. Gradually, computers were interconnected to from computer networks. This networking provides several advantages. Networking allows sharing data as well as resources between the networked computers. Soon the number of networks began to grow. More and more networks were formed in different areas. Later, the various small computer networks located in different places were interconnected to form large networks. Finally, a large network several computer networks, spreading across the world, was formed.This network came to be known as the Internet. Thus, the Internet is a worldwide, publicly accessible interconnected computer network that transmits data based on the standard protocols. Due to the large availability of information, the Internet is sometimes referred to as a Information Superhighway. The Internet influences our day-to-day lives indifferent ways. We will see and experience this technology benefits us in different activities. Perhaps this is the only technology that has affected the people irrespective of their location, language or profession.In the modern age, computers have become a part of man’s life. Almost all the things around us were made by computers with the aid of modern machines. Form the edited books, design, special effects in the movies and televisions etc. , were all made by computers. In the past few decades, interactive electronic media has grown form virtual non-existence t one of the primary means of entertainment for the learners. In more recent years, the Internet has completely changed the landscape of electronic media from something individual and static into something with potential to be interactive and social.This research examines the effects of increased student usage of traditional video games as well as online games. The demographics of the typical game player will be examined along with effects on the individual development and sociological perceptions. This research will also look at the potential education utility of online games and the effect of games on student engagement and social development. References (Maslog C. (1998) Internet and Social Issues, Philippine Communication Today, Quezon City: New Day Publishers).

Male Character Essay

Masculine roles have effective power in recent movies. In the chapter, the author who is Kenneth Mackinnon talks about ‘masculinity in movies’ by variety ways. He not only considers about the different kinds of movie genres, individual movies and those male movie stars in general, but also introduces the hard body and soft body contrastively for audience. Moreover, Mackinnon mentions about the disadvantages of masculinity in the films and provides three recent illustrations in 2000 to answer the questions of masculinity clearly. The evidence which author selected is widespread but all come from the main idea of masculinity such as technological advances, the homoeroticism and heterosexuals, the feminism and masculinity and even the culture and history about masculinity in movies. At the beginning of the chapter, Mackinnon introduces the different genres about masculinity in movies by using lots of examples. There are variety of movie types such as action genres, bond movies, westerns, war films, slasher movies, sports movies and something else. One of the most important types is action movie. As Mackinnon said, action movie is †a version of heroism was promoted in these movies that depended on visual evidence of physical strength and might. †(P294) For this reason, the publishers pay much money to superstars in order to get the extraordinary effects in action films. For example, Sylvester Stallone in ‘make rampage’ movie. Similarly, bond movie, as an action series, depicted a new type of masculinity, which found in †Gentleman Chivalry† from 1962 to the present. The kind of movie continues to execute the heroism, which is popular among audience. For instance, the famous identities of 007 are James Bond and his ‘bond girl’. However, there is too much â€Å"technological excess† and special effects in recent years. That’s captured audience’s attention negatively. The author has also stated the westerns, which are â€Å"the supreme genre for the depiction of traditional, laconic, dominating masculinity. † (P297)The protagonists are usually cowboys in Hollywood film. The consequence of those boys usually be alone. Moreover, western movie allows violence, homosociality and â€Å"evasion of domestication†. The author’s opinion of masculinity in sports movies is that they provide a kind of lifestyle, which is a pure physical machismo for audience. In other words, it is â€Å"a highly stylized version of traditional masculinity†(P300) people have chance to watch a â€Å"natural† masculinity in sports movie. (i. e. Field of Dreams). Another genre has been mentioned is comedy. It’s a different side of masculinity. Comedy always shows audience the irony of traditional masculinity, especially in vulnerable side. They focused more on conflicts from fatherhood rather than motherhood. In order to understand the masculinity movie deeply, the author selected a few individual movies such as Born on the Fourth of July, Dead Ringers, The Crying Game and The Full Monty. The protagonist of Born on the Fourth of July is Don Kunz who acts as a â€Å"heroic masculine ideal† in the movie. He thinks winning is the most important thing. â€Å"to win, others must be losers†(p304)make him full of physical strength. He is a typical figure of masculine in movie. Male stars are also an important factor for masculinity movie, because female audience, even some of male audience will follow the movie stars. In the chapter, Mackinnon introduce male stars such as Warren Beatty, Clint Eastwood and Charles Bronson.

Study Drugs and College Students

A. â€Å"As my classes started adding up my junior year, I seemed to have an immense amount of work and absolutely no time to do any of it. I had always heard about people taking Adderall to focus, study longer, stay awake. Essentially, to create the time that they needed. So, as the workload piled up, my search for Adderall began. Within twenty four hours I had five pills in my hand, costing me a mere five dollars. Five dollars for an A on an exam didn't seem as if it were any kind of price to pay at all (In Their Own Words ‘Study Drugs', 2012). B. We will now learn what types of study drugs are out there, why students take these drugs, and what types of effects these drugs have on students long and short term. II. What are the drugs that students use to help them in their studies? A. The most commonly used study drug is Adderall (mixed salts amphetamine) 1. â€Å"Adderall is indicated for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children ages three and older; it is also indicated for narcolepsy. † (Editorial Board, 2012) 2. Adderall works by stimulating the central nervous system, which increases mental awareness and also causes sleeplessness (Adderall (CII), 2010). B. Other commonly used study drugs are Ritalin, Concerta, Focalin, and Vyvanse. C. These drugs have similar effects in that they are classified as Psychostimulants, which raises the user’s blood pressure and increases focus. (Desantis, 2010) III. Because these drugs work in increasing alertness and decreasing fatigue students use them. A. A 2008 study by Alan DeSantis the head of Communications at the University of Kentucky said, â€Å"81% of students believed that the use of study drugs had little or no physical risk† (Desantis, 2010). B. The pressure put on students to get good grades is a reason that students look for ways to help them in their studies. C. The Exponent reported that almost 3% of college students admitted to taking stimulants without a prescription to improve academic performance (Adderall abuse during exams should be cheating, 2013). IV. Because Drugs work effectively they have the potential to be harmful and addictive. A. Study drugs such as Adderall and Ritalin are amphetamines and can cause irregular heartbeats, high blood pressure, loss of appetite, and sleeplessness (Adderall (CII), 2010). B. Another side effect of continued use is the inability to reach the same stimulation from everyday things (Adderall (CII), 2010). C. Because most of the study drug users don’t have a prescription for the drugs, they don’t know the dosages or how much to take (Review Staff, 2010). V. Conclusion A. Not only are students willing to break the law by using these medications without prescriptions, but some even crush the pills up and snort them. B. All drugs that alter your mood have the risk of addiction, even if they are prescription drugs. C. The chemical compositions of meth and Adderall are only differentiated by one hydrogen bond. Works Cited (2010, May). Adderall (CII). Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved July 1, 2013, from www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/†¦/011522s040lbl.pdf In Their Own Words ‘Study Drugs'. (2012, June 9). New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2012/06/10/education/stimulants-student-voices.html?_r=0#/#1 Adderall abuse during exams should be cheating. (2013, March 22). The Exponent. Retrieved June 30, 2013, from http://www.purdueexponent.org/opinion/editorals/article Desantis, A. D. (2010). †Adderall is Definitely Not a Drug†: Justifications for the Illegal Use of ADHD Stimulants. Substance Use ; Misuse, 45(1/2), 31-46. Editorial Board. (2012, July 19). Use of ‘study drugs' gives unfair advantage. Iowa State Daily. Retrieved June 30, 2013, from http://www.iowastatedaily.com/opinion/article Review Staff. (2010, November 16). Adderall not a safe studying aid. The Review (University of Delaware). Retrieved July 2, 2013, from http://w ww.udreview.com/editorial/adderall-not-a-safe-studying-aid

Human Resources Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Human Resources Management - Assignment Example HRM is said to have evolved from personnel management and very little difference exists between the two as explained in literature; Hendry and Pettigrew viewed HRM as a different perspective of personnel management. However, a thorough study reveals that HRM essentially deals with strategic integration of personnel management functions in order to instil better accountability and ownership of human resources and to improve commitment between human resources and the firm. Personnel management can be traced back to industrial revolution, in firms such as Ford, which has eventually evolved to HRM even in these firms. Both, Tesco and McDonald’s operate as retail outlets and provide different services to their customers across the globe; while Tesco is a large supermarket with its major presence in the UK, McDonald’s is a fast-food restaurant operating throughout the world. Primarily, the functions of HRM include HR planning and acquisition, compensation and benefits, employ ee relations, safe working conditions, and human resources development; HRM’s secondary functions involve supportive activities such as job designing, performance management and performance appraisal systems, and research and information activities. (Sims, RR & Sims, SJ, 2007). For instance, at McDonald’s, HRM functions include activities related to maintaining employee relations and managing technology and processes; however, McDonald’s has customized these functions according to the country they operate through a team of HR directors that travel around the world to formulate and implement HR policies and procedures that match the local requirements and conform to legislation (Sims, 2002). Observations show McDonald’s typically comprises of working crew, supervisors/managers and probably some back-office personnel that work at locations other than their outlets. According to their website, HR function at McDonald’s focuses on acquiring and develop ing best talent suitable to their business through strong practices and by providing constant support and learning opportunities. Their main functions include job analysis, HR planning, recruitment, development, performance appraisal, and compensation (HRMS, n.d). Their corporate strategy is to provide an exceptional customer experience through people, products, place, price and promotion (Mission & Values, n.d). Their first step towards this is to hire the right people for the job followed by training and development. Tesco’s HR function takes credit for its diversified businesses and substantial growth (MacLachlan, 2009). According to MacLachlan’s (2009) report, their HR team was able to successfully blend technical excellence and expertise with customer needs through integrity, which led to their growth. Tesco’s business policies and procedures are strategically aligned to its core mission through identification of leaders, commitment, training and developmen t. Their HR function is involved in almost every aspect of these activities in order to achieve the desired outcomes. Considering the line managers’ perspective, generally, they own the responsibility of conducting business with the help of frontline staff. They manage routine business operations through planning, organising and controlling; and developing human resources through training,

History Heart of Darkness by joseph conrad Essay

History Heart of Darkness by joseph conrad - Essay Example I do not think that he likes or dislikes Romans but he does not appear to think that their approach of bringing light to the heart of darkness was right. This also presents Conrad’s ideas about New Imperialism which he does not agree with but remains a part of the process since his life and livelihood is connected with that. Considering the fact that Conrad found a bastion of imperialism at the heart of darkness, it is easy to see that Conrad is not comfortable with the idea of subjugating a nation and exploiting the natural resources of the land as a means for getting rich. The journey to the heart of darkness certainly clears his vision and he understands that the ideals of imperialism may not necessarily be correct. However, his approach to opposing imperialism and towards defending the natives seems rather lukewarm. For example, his vision of the African lady Kurtz was living with remains clouded by what she was wearing and how wild her appearance was to him. He notes the silence of the natives and gives the reader the impression that they were simplistic people indeed with few values which could be considered as culturally strong measures. I feel that the only African character in the book was Kurtz himself since he tried to become a part of his surroundings. However, even he was not truly a native and their absence remains a rather pointed example of Marlow’s viewpoint. This viewpoint certainly does not come from any sympathy which Marlow might have felt for the natives or for other characters he met in the Congo since his objective of going on with his journey was to see Kurtz. He knows that Mr. Kurtz is â€Å"a first-class agent (Conrad, 1902, Pg. 27)† and that he is â€Å"a very remarkable person (Conrad, 1902, Pg. 27)† who is known to outperform all other ivory agents. His curiosity about him is only increased further when he is told quite clearly that Kurtz is, â€Å"an exceptional man, of the greatest importance to the Company

Humanities essay on historical, cultural and artistic periods of

Humanities on historical, cultural and artistic periods of origin of images - Essay Example his style and for the first time in art destroyed the space between the people viewing the art and the event covered in the painting, in this case the entombment of Christ (Gardner & Fred 67). During this period, paintings were required to remove all sorts of superstitions and lasciviousness. Paintings also lacked adornments with beauty to excite lust and everything in it was orderly. The counter0reformation period, as directed by the church, also removed profanity and indecency by ensuring that holiness was observed in the house of God. Caravaggio’s work, especially the entombment of Christ, were especially striking for their serenity and orderliness, unlike the Last Judgment by Michelangelo that came under attack from the Church (Gardner & Fred 69). This was especially so in the counter-reformation period with its nudity that was later covered with painting over it. Judgment day also contained the Charon, a pagan symbol. These symbols were completely absent during the counter-reformation era. Judgment day was also criticized for not showing a bearded Jesus Christ or a seated Christ, which was required to create orderliness and serenity in the counter-reformation era. Another painting from the reformation era that came under attack was the Last Supper that was criticized for its dwarfs, drunken Germans and extravagancy. The painting of Madame de Pompadour is an embodiment of the high Rococo style of art that shows the madam in a nonchalant demeanor, which symbolized her high standing in society. The painting is also tracing her progression to official mistress from the bourgeoisie and finally to lady-in-waiting. The book, bookcase and quill all point to a pleasure in correspondence and the arts, which was the norm in French high society at the time. Her pose, which shows her as relaxed and confident, points to her new leisure that, was also associated with French high society. The rococo style, while initially being prevalent in decorative arts also crept

Personal Creativity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Personal Creativity - Essay Example It is creativity that gives meaning to our lives and it is during the process of creation that we feel life in its highest, most enjoyable form i.e. we feel happy and fulfilled at not only being connected to the highest being of the universe but also being able to benefit the existing universe as a result. But what exactly is Creativity? Is it found in a special class of human beings or is it a quality we all posses? Some definitions of ‘creativity’ explain that the idea behind the term is the conceiving of a new idea.’ â€Å"The word creativity is a noun naming a phenomenon in which a person communicates a new concept (which is the product). Mental activity (or mental process) is implicit in the definition.† (Rhodes, n.d.). ‘Creativity involves being imaginative, going beyond the obvious, being aware of one’s own unconventionality, being original in some way.† (Craft, 2000) â€Å"Creativity is the act of turning new and imaginative ideas into reality. Creativity involves two processes: thinking, then producing.† (Naiman, 2011) Contrary to common belief, we are all involved in various acts of creativity without realizing it. Without creativity, not only would our lives be empty, it may even be a continuous downward spiral as life needs creative input. At every step of our lives we have to do something new to change for the better. It can be as simple as trying out a new route to work in order to create a shortcut and save time. Or taking the risk of adding an extra ingredient to enhance the taste of something you’re cooking. Creativity is not accepting things just as they are, but in order to improve them, striving for new ideas. Thus creativity is present in all of us at some level and it comes to use when there is some problem to be solved. According to Nomura Institute of Japan, we are presently living in the era of Creativity, where constant innovation is required for us to be able to survive (Naiman, 2011). This statement proves itself as we take a look around and see how the economy and the com petitiveness surrounded by it have resulted in a need for change in all fields of work. Followed by the Agricultural, the Industrial and then the Informational age (Naiman, 2011), the age of Creativity looks for the New and the most Efficient. In this age anything, even a light bulb that produces less than it is given as an input, will be thrown out of the race and only the fittest will survive. Therefore every field of knowledge has increased pressure on research to keep up, and thus we see a faster pace of development. Along with the quantity we also have much better quality. With economic and environmental sustainability in mind, more responsible technology, education, designs and services are produced in all areas of life. In spite of what I’ve said about the everyday nature of creativity, when it comes to the working environment, where there is competition, not everyone stands at the same level. There are the original genius’s who seem to make everything work in w ays so simple they surprise us. Then there are others who have followed every rule, have stuck to routines that ensure maximum productive time and yet they’re work, although detailed and complete fails to bring to attention anything new, thus lacks creativity. This can be very commonly observed in creative fields such as art and design of which I am a part and have worked through various types of creative processes. People who are more creative in nature than others usually have a certain type of personality i.e. they have certain traits that distinguish them from others. The first

Should Overweight Employee Be Penalized Coursework

Should Overweight Employee Be Penalized - Coursework Example We live in a modern society that provides us with more than ample means of living a healthy lifestyle through the proper nutrition intake, diet, and exercise. However, most people fail to take advantage of these basic opportunities presented to them. The result is a weakened state of health for the individual. As such, the individual ends up requiring much more healthcare than his insurance program can provide. Added to this problem is the fact that the new health care laws of the United States has made it more difficult and expensive for the employers to keep their employees covered with ample medical insurance benefits. The continued rising cost of healthcare coverage has thus forced some employers to take the health matters of their employees in their own hands by forcing them to participate in a company mandated healthcare program or face severe penalties for non-participation. Their intention is clear, to keep their health care costs down, but at the expense of sticking their no ses in where it does not belong, in the private lives of their employees. Their participate or pay fines choice disrespects the freedom of an individual to choose how he lives his life and how he participates in various activities. It would appear that an increasing number of companies are opting for such health care rider coverage for their employees. As many as; â€Å"almost half (47%) of companies already use or plan to use financial penalties over the next three to five years on workers who don’t take part in health-improvement programs.†

Meaning of my quote (please look in the details box for the quote) Essay

Meaning of my quote (please look in the details box for the quote) - Essay Example I think that the connection between a leader and the followers is based on the spiritual foundations. The leader sends messages to the followers verbally. This is the most identifiable and easily recognizable form of communication and interaction between the leader and the followers. However, there is something more to it that just the followers can feel and is not overtly visible to the outsiders i.e. the emotional connection. Whatever a leader says or does leaves an impression on the followers. The followers are best in the position to comply with the instructions of the leader when they know what the basis of the demand from the leader to behave or act in a certain way or do certain things is. In order for an individual to be effective as a leader, it is imperative that he/she first earns the trust and confidence of the followers. The leader accomplishes this by assuring the followers that if they comply with the instructions of the leader and do as he/she asks them to, he would lead them to the results they want. Followers only abide by the leader’s instructions when they see their personal benefit in doing this. The personal benefits of followers vary depending upon what are the conditions or context in which they are following the leader. In an organizational setup, subordinates follow the instructions of the management because their wages are decided and performance is evaluated according to their compliance. In the context of a country, people pay taxes to the government because they are confident that this money would be used to provide them with more benefits. My quote emphasizes upon one main objective of leadership i.e. inspiring the followers. There are many ways in which a leader can inspire the followers. Different leaders have different strengths using which they inspire the followers. For example, certain leaders have good vocal skills and inspire the followers through their motivational speeches. Likewise, there are certain leaders

Family Assessment and Substance Abuse Assignment

Family Assessment and Substance Abuse - Assignment Example Violence here can be physical, verbal, or sexual. This can be attributed to the impaired reasoning state that a person assumes after using drugs. Drugs have been known to interfere with one’s perception of things and so tend to think illogically and irrationally. Those who suffer here are spouses of drug addicts as well as their children. In addition to this, the physical state of drug addicts is also affected. Psychologically, drug addicts are affected, as they appear mentally deranged (Thombs et. al., 1997. Their thinking and reasoning is impaired, and as a result, their decisions affect their families. The resultant effect of drug abuse in a family includes denial and keeping of that issue secretive. As a result, the family makes changes in the ways it deals with the substance abuse problem. Some of the rules that have been documented to exist in families where substance abuse is an issue include; all family members are encouraged not to feel the painful effects that drug u se cause a family member to do. These changes include emotional and behavioral changes. Children and spouses affected here do not talk about or express their emotions in public, but in case this happens, the reaction is always violent and abusive. In such families, there is lack of trust since many promises made are always cancelled or forgotten. This erodes the trust of family members, especially children who grow up with this notion. If anyone abuses drugs while expectant, then there are chances that they will give birth to babies with low birth weight. In addition to this, babies born by addictive mothers suffer from withdrawal syndrome soon after birth or acquire fetal alcohol syndrome. Substance abuse... This essay stresses that organizations that are responsible for drug trafficking should be dismantled and their leaders arrested and prosecuted in international courts. However, this method has not been effective as much, probably due to the high rate of corruption and presence of rogue law enforcers and top government officials who benefit from drug sales. Also, fundamental is the enhancement of policies that will control the sale of prescription drugs so that they are not abused. The government has put in place some acts and legislations that are aimed at controlling the vice. For example, the Drug abuse Control amendments of 1965. This was formed to act as a modification of the Food, drug, and cosmetics act. Through this act, some drugs were labeled as stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens, required licenses, and control in terms of distribution and sales. The bureau of narcotics and dangerous drugs was also formed, and handles control of marijuana and narcotics, as well as other drugs. Finally yet importantly in control of substance abuse and addiction is the online counseling services that help drug users. This paper makes a conclusion that substance abuse is without a doubt a major problem that has affected all and sundry in the world, be it directly or indirectly. Even though there are measures in place to curb this problem, it is evident that a lot more has to be done if total eradication is to be achieved. This will bring normalcy to families and the society as whole.

No name Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

No name - Essay Example This means that these elements have to be shared by all the members of society, and when in short supply can lead to scarcity. Within this â€Å"economic pie† is the element of resources, which can be divided into its three components of natural resources, people, and capital. It is the people that convert the natural resources in an economy into products, while capital provides the means to do so. However, all these resources are limited providing the defining finite aspect of resources. The limitation of these resources and through that the production acts as a limiting factor on the wealth of a nation. That is the why the term Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is of such importance in the economics of a nation. More importantly lowering of production also leads to scarcity in income, which can cause poor distribution of resources, whereby the individuals with better wealth or power have better access to resources than the economically disadvantaged and the needy. Economic growth reduces scarcity. However, for economic growth, the right economic policies to make proper use of economic resources have to be put in place. In the absence of economic growth, scarcity looms larger, reducing the â€Å"economic pie† and the availability of economic resources appropriately among members of

Academic and Professional Goals Essay Example for Free

Academic and Professional Goals Essay According to Walden’s University the mission statement states: â€Å"Walden University provides a diverse community of career professionals with the opportunity to transform themselves as scholar-practitioners so that they can effect positive social change†. (Laureate, 2013) According to Walden’s University the vision statement states: â€Å"Walden University envisions a distinctively different 21st-century learning community where knowledge is judged worthy to the degree that it can be applied by its graduates to the immediate solutions of critical societal challenges, thereby advancing the greater global good†. (Laureate, 2013) The combination of my academic performance and my personal standards in all that I do will provide the foundation for my success as a Nursing Home Director. It will require great time and energy, but I am excited to pursue the challenge. My study habits and skills enable me to gain a full understanding of the subject. I work well in a team, or I can function on my own. I know how to seek out help when necessary and I will not settle for being average. Drive and desire for excellence is balanced with a good sense of priorities and I do not usually lose track of what is important. I am very aware of what I need to do to be ready for any given situation and am able to manage stress in healthy ways. My family fully supports this endeavor, and I am mentally, physically and spiritually ready for the task. The rigorous and intense demands as a Nursing Home Director match my capabilities. Healthcare administrators perform many functions. They are responsible for developing an improved workplace through employee and workforce efficiency. This is done through motivation and positive vibes to promote and improve productivity. In addition to taking care of employees, healthcare administrators handle the company’s operating budget to decide the amount of money that can be spent on each project. Healthcare administrators are a difficult job and each manager must make fast and effective decisions that will improve the company and make it run smoothly. A type of healthcare administrators is a home director. This job comes with many roles and goal setting for employees. All roles are important to function, and one rule should not be more important than the other. GÐ ¾Ã °ls is the result or achievement toward, which Ð µffÐ ¾rt is directed. All people have different goals in their lives, which are subjective and differing from person to person. Some persons prefer to concentrate their achievement into acquiring professional goals; others select to obtain their pÐ µrsÐ ¾nÐ °l gÐ ¾Ã °ls. To achieve positive results, it is necessary to be a balance bÐ µtwÐ µÃ µn person’s pÐ µrsÐ ¾nÐ °l life and business. Role and responsibilities of managers in todays health care All facets of the healthcare operations managers’ job are important. Together, it helps maintain stability and financial standing of the hospital. The workflow process controls the number of employees in each department. Employees must have the necessary skills to perform his or her job duties. There must be structure in each department to be fast, yet efficient. The physical layout ensures that the hospital layout is designed to improve productivity. For example, the hospital should control patient inflow and outflow to reduce the amount of traffic in the hospital. The layouts should also include safety products and procedures on each floor. Capacity design and planning help improve productivity through technology or other resources. Staffing levels and productivity management allow the hospital to control output through the use of technology and staff, combining both to increase productivity level. Technology controls inventory and improves patient process. Quality, planning, and process improvement focuses on performance indicators so the hospital can stand out from its competitors. The planning process improves patient satisfaction and efficiency as well as reducing costs and increasing speed through advanced technology. Each role possesses the necessary factors that help the hospital flow efficiently. One should not be in place without the other. To achieve success in a hospital setting, healthcare administrators must improve patient satisfaction while increasing profits using the goals listed above. This position guides the hospital by implementing rules and regulations to ensure patient and employee safety and efficiency. Along with the implemented rules and regulations, he or she must know, follow, and enforce government standard regulations. Healthcare administrators play a demanding role in the hospital, and all work is performed through strategic thinking and hard work. Skills and experiences the Masters of Healthcare Administration program In this paper I would like to illustrate, my decision to pursue an in Masters in Healthcare Administration (MHA) degree to become a business owner or explore a more exciting career. I firmly believe that a degree in Masters in Business Administration (MBA) combined with a MHA can reward a very successful, satisfying and a challenging career for me. The educational background has a great influence on our personality and the decisions taken regarding our career prospects. A master’s degree is something I have always wanted to attain. So having a MBA is a personal goal and further develop my knowledge in the field of business administration and MHA would give me the knowledge and skills which in turn adds value to my career. Though the MHA course requires a substantial commitment of both time and resources, it is a very valuable asset. In conclusion, the MHA Program not only facilitates me to reach my personal goal however, it can assist me in becoming a more successful leader; sharpen the managerial skills and tools such as communication and motivating people. References Laureate. (2013). Get to know Walden. Retrieved from http://www.waldenu.edu/about

HR Consultant An Organization Education Essay

HR Consultant An Organization Education Essay Working as a HR consultant an organization has approached you for consultancy, you are given the task by the senior management present the theoretical background of learning theories and learning styles. You will develop a presentation which should address the different learning styles, learning theories and their contribution in planning and what is the importance of ensuring transfer of learning in workplace Grading Statement Pass Merit Distinction P1 differentiate between different learning styles M1 a range of methods of presentation has been used D1 capacity for innovation and creative thought has been used P2 analyze learning theories and explain their contribution to the planning and design of learning events M2 it is appropriate for familiar and unfamiliar audiences P3 explain the implication of the learning curve and the importance of ensuring the transfer of learning to the workplace Outcome 1 Tasks for P1 Discuss the different learning styles including (activists, reflectors, theorists, pragmatists) Tasks for P2 Discuss the learning theories e.g. behaviorist, cognitive The impact of the learning curve and transfer of learning to the work place, Tasks for P3 Discuss the impact of the learning curve and transfer of learning to the work place. Tasks for M1 You should include relevant figures, diagrams, tables in the presentation to justify your point. Your presentation should look interesting and professional Task for M2 You should consider that the language and concepts are appropriate for your audience and you have considered that management may not know the theoretical backgrounds therefore appropriate level of language and examples are incorporated. Task for D1 Table of Contents preface 5 summary 6 Introduction à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.7 learning styles 7 honey and Mumford learning styles 7 David Kolb learning styles 8 Learning theoriesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. 9,10 Learning curve and transfer of learning to workplaceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 11, 12 . Bibliographyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 13 Preface Being HR consultant, we have developed a report for our client. In which we discussed the theoretical background of learning theories and learning styles. We hope our work will be appreciated. Summary Being HR consultant we have developed a report for our client. First of all we have discuss that how learning theories can help organization during human resource development. After discussing its importance we discuss the different learning styles of learners that how individual learns. We discuss the theories of David Kolb and honey and Mumford learning styles. Furthermore we explain and discuss the three different learning theories such as cognitive, behaviorist learning theories. Beside this we have also define the impact of learning curve and transfer of learning to work place. In order to complete this assignment we collect data from our course book human resource development and employee relation and similarly from different websites. All the references can be seen at the end of report. Task for P: 1 Discuss the different learning styles including (activists, reflectors, theorists, pragmatists) As we know that there are different type of learning styles developed from Psychological and educational research. According to these researches different people learn differently from one another. According to (http://www.ics.heacademy.ac.uk) these learning approaches help trainer to understand an individual learning preferences, so s/he effectively convey his training. Further they explain that some student may prefer to learn from visual effects while some may prefer or enjoy learning from listening lectures. There are many researcher and psychologist which contribute to this subject such as Kolb Learning Cycle, Honey and Mumford styles. (www.jivepartners.org.uk) Honey and Mumford styles: Activist: Activists learn best when they personally involve themselves in activity. They are called activist. They enjoy the here-and-now and often thrive in short-term crisis situation. According to our course book of (human resource development and employee relation.) Such kind of people get bore with long term implementation and consolidation. Activist learners are open-minded, not sceptical, and this tends to make them enthusiastic about new work. They think that they can do anything, beside this activist first act and then think. Reflectors: According to our course book (human resource development and employee relation.) Reflectors are the learners which learn best from activities where they are able to stand back, listen and observe. They like collecting information and being given opportunity to think about it. Reflectors learn less when they are rushed into things without the opportunity to plan. Before starting any activity, first they analyze the situation from all angles. Pragmatist: Pragmatists are keen on trying out ideas, theories and techniques to see if they work in practice. They positively search out new ideas and take the first opportunity to experiment with applications. They are the type of people who return from courses brimming with new ideas that they want to try out in practice. They like to get on with things and act quickly and confidently on ideas that attract them. (human resource development and employee relation.) Theorist: Its mention in our (human resource development and employee relation.) Course books that theorist like to understand the theory behind the actions. Such kind of learners need model. Concepts, and fact in order to learn they like to analyze and synthesis, and feel uncomfortable with subjective judgment. Further its mention that they learn best when an activity is backed up by ideas and concept that form a model system or theory. Such kind of learner learns least when activities are unstructured or ambiguous. Kolbs learning styles inventory: According to (http://www.ics.heacademy.ac.uk) David Kolb published his learning style model in 1984. The model gave rise to related term such as Kolbs experiential learning theory. In his book he also acknowledged the work of previous scholars such as Rogers, Jung and Piaget. He has done great work in this field and still acknowledged by teachers, trainer and managers. According to Kolb and other researcher that effective learning proceeds around a cycle. The below diagram clearly mentioned that how it processed. (http://bsspdl.wordpress.com/) According to article written by (kendra cherry, 2012)Psychologist and educational theorist DavidHYPERLINK http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesal/p/david-kolb.htm HYPERLINK http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesal/p/david-kolb.htmKolb present a four-stage learning cycle designed to describe how learning by experience takes place. Further she explained that the experientialHYPERLINK http://psychology.about.com/od/educationalpsychology/a/experiential-learning.htm HYPERLINK http://psychology.about.com/od/educationalpsychology/a/experiential-learning.htmlearning cycle have four different stages, concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation. From these stages four learning style have been identified, accommodator, divergers, assimilator and converger. Accommodator relies on concrete experience and active experimentation learns from hands on experience and more rely on other people for information. Divergers learn from concrete expe rience and reflective observation. Assimilator combine abstract conceptualization observation; understand a wide range of information and more interested abstract ideas and concepts. Task for P 2 Discuss the learning theories e.g. behaviorist, cognitive etc: Behaviorist theory: In an article written by (kendra cherry, 2012) its mentioned that the term behaviorism refers to the school of psychology founded by John B. Watson based on the belief that behaviors can be measured, trained, and changed. Beside this there are some other scientists which contribute a lot to the field of psychology. The concept or theory of behaviorism is very exciting. According to our course book (human resource development and employee relation.)Behaviorism is a theory of learning and it believes that all behaviors are acquired as a result of conditioning. Conditioning happen after a  person interacts with his environment. There are two type of conditioning classical conditioning and operant conditioning. In 1904 Ivan Pavlov a Russian scientist researched on dogs. His researched proved that dog salivated at the sight of dry food. If a buzzer sounded just before the dogs were given sight of the dry food they still salivated at the sight of the food. After the two were associated a number of time, the dog salivated at the sound of the buzzer, even before the food appeared. Therefore, it can be claimed that the dog had learnt to salivate at the sound of buzzer. Pavlov called the presentation of the food unconditioned stimuli and the salivation the unconditioned response. He regarded the association of the food with buzzer as conditional stimulus. Cognitive theory: According to article written by (kendra cherry, 2012)Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology which deals with mental processes including how people think, perceive, remember and learn. There are different people which done a lot of work on cognitive theory such as jean Piaget, Wilhelm Wundt and many more. There are a lot of differences between behaviorist and cognitive theory for example behaviorist generally ignores the internal dynamic of learning while cognitive learning theory stress on the importance of what goes on inside the learner. Cognitive theory is assumed to be comprised of a number of sub theories and is widely used in educational and counseling. The key to learning and changing is the individuals cognition (perception, thought, memory and way of processing and structuring information). Cognitive learning a highly active process largely directed by the individual, involve perceiving the information, interpreting it based on what is already known, and then recognizing the information into new insight or understanding. Cognitive theorist, unlike behaviorists, maintains that reward is not necessary for learning. More important are learners goal and expectation, which create disequilibrium, imbalance, and tension that motivate them to act Social learning approach: According to article written by (kendra cherry, 2012) there also another theory proposed by psychologist alburt bandura His theory suggest that children learn new behavior from observing other people There are three primary principles at the center of public studying concept. First is the concept that people can learn through observation. Next is the concept that inner psychological declares are an important aspect of this procedure. Lastly, this concept identifies that just because something has been discovered; it does not mean that it will result in a change of behavior or actions. The below diagram will help us in understanding these theories and how these help us during training and development of human resource. There are different methods through which we learn. Task for P3 Discuss the impact of the learning curve and transfer of learning to the work place. The learning curve definition: A learning curve is a graph showing the relationship between the time spent in learning and the level of competence attained. Hence it describe the progress and variable pace of learning (it is common for people to say that they are on a steep learning curve when they have to acquire a lot of new knowledge or skill in short period of time. (human resource development and employee relation.) Explanation: From the above definition its clear that learning curve is a concept used to determine how quickly a skill can be perfectly understood. The learning curve is represented through graph which shows the connection between learning and its duration. It also shows that how much skill or knowledge is improved of individuals from training. There is also concept of flat curve or gradual learning curve. Its important to say that on flat curve learner gain knowledge slowly. Flat curve subjects take a long time to gain complete mastery over, but provide ample time to truly imprint the procedures or skill components on the brain. Subjects with a gradual or flat curve are often very difficult to learn, as they do not provide the rewards of quick, usable knowledge. According to our course book (human resource development and employee relation.)Learning curve also used to plan the size of the chunks to be taught in one session or stage of learning. Further it explains that learning curve can also go up and down. This happen normally when trainee become unable to practice or forget newly acquired skill or knowledge. Transfer of learning: Definition: According to our course book of (human resource development and employee relation.) Transfers of learning refer to the extent to which newly learned information or skill has been transferred from the learning context to the application of a specific task. Explanation: Transfer of learning mean that how much an individual or trainee effectively able to apply the skill or knowledge on the job, which s (he) learned from training. In a situation where trainee effectively transfers the learning to task is called positive transfer; on the other hand in a situation where trainee didnt effectively transfer the learning to the application of task, will know as negative transfer.

Opening Day :: essays research papers

The sun shines radiantly upon the towering stadium at the corners of Michigan and Trumball. Spring has arrived and erased the dreary, grey weather of winter. The old dilapidated stadium will come to life in a couple of hours to mark the beginning of an anticipated season.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Brringg! The bell signals the end of class and I anxiously wait for my mother to arrive. I find myself impatiently glancing at the clock every two minutes; finally the car pulls up. I jump into the back seat and throw off my heavy backpack. As my mom pulls away, the same old raspy voice can be heard over the radio. I try to block out the blaring AM station, but the word â€Å"opening day† grabs my attention. The weatherman forecasts a sunny day with a cool breeze. A smile erupts on my face, which my mom can’t help but notice through the reflection of the rearview mirror.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I arrive home and hurriedly run up the steps. Stacks of baseball cards and other memorabilia blanket the floor beneath me. I throw off my grade school uniform and find my clothes nicely folded on top of the dresser. I slip on a pair of jeans, but can’t figure out which shirt to wear. I take a seat on my bed and slowly contemplate which Tiger’s T-shirt I should wear. Looking at them brings back memories of past visits to Tiger games. I begin to reminisce, however my daydreaming is short-lived and terminated by the ringing chimes that signal the arrival of my other fifth-grade friends. I quickly grab any shirt and put on my broken-in baseball cap while running downstairs. My friends and I load the car and we pull away from my house. At last we’re on our way.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We arrive at the stadium among a frenzy of other fans. As I step out of the car, my body shakes with a chilling flash of excitement. I rub down the goose bumps that graze my arms and nervously reach into my pocket to find my ticket. It’s still there, but a light film of sweat still covers my palms. Even though we are a few blocks from the stadium, a buzz penetrates the air. Judging by the deafening cheers of the crowd, we know the game has already started. As I glance at the shaking stadium during each wild wave of applause, my steps increase ever so slightly in anticipation.

Social Responsibility of Physicians Regarding Health Care Essay

Social Responsibility of Physicians Regarding Health Care I. Introduction The responsibility of physicians in the United States continues to increase as the country grows and becomes more diverse. Because social structures and religous concepts are so much a part of medicine, physicians must be aware of the responsibilities of social justice and cultural sensitivity. One of the ways that physicians must meet the demands of the increasingly diverse community is to become aware of the need for cultural sensitivity in the treatment of patients. But why is cultural sensitivity important? Cultural sensitivity is important because in order for physicians to respect the autonomy of the patient and to practice not only non-maleficence but beneficence, the physicians must exert energy into becoming culturally aware. II. Cultural Sensitivity in a Health Care Environment a) Mission and Autonomy of Patients Physicians play a crucial role in the service sector of the community, and in light of the Christian physician, the role of server also implies connotations of mission. It is important to state what mission is not, in this context, in order to eleviate any misconceptions. "Mission is not pushing your point down someone's throat. It is not being disrespectful or erasing the culture of the people that you are sent to serve" (Shelly, 3). If the autonomy of the patient is not protected, the trust between physician and patient is affected. So, the question arises: whose responsibility is it to promote cultural awareness? Is it the responsibility of the physician to research and understand the different cultures that are most dominant in the area? Is it the responsibility of the patient to explicitly state their cultural/re... ...social justice and cultural sensitivity) in the context of health care, cost - effective analysis is a large component. It is important for physicians to view cost - effective analysis through the eyes of social responsibility if the voices of people from other cultures and the poor are to be heard. Works Cited Gold, Marthe et al. "Assesing the Health of the Nation." Medical Care. 34 (1996):152. Lambrew, Jeanne M. et al. "The Effects of Having a Regular Doctor on Access to Primary Care." Medical Care 34 (1996): 152. Russell, Louise et al. "The Role of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Health and Medicine." Journal of the American Medical Association 276 (1996): 1172-1176. Shelly, Judith Allen. "Mission Impossible." Journal of Christian Nursing 13 (1996):1176. Shenk-Schrock, Carolyn. "Thoughts from a VORP Guru." Conciliation Quarterly 15 (1996): 4-5.

Adam Sandlers Kids Choice Award :: essays research papers

Adam Sandler is in control -- really The clout of a child-man Monday, April 14, 2003 Posted: 1:07 PM EDT (1707 GMT) Adam Sandler accepts a Kids' Choice Award for best movie actor. Many adult movie critics would disagree. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Story Tools -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- RELATED †¢ Review: Jack's back in 'Anger Management' †¢ 'Anger' tops box office with $44.5M LOS ANGELES, California (AP) -- Adam Sandler, who's become one of Hollywood's top box-office draws by playing infantile men prone to fisticuffs and tantrums, displays in real life a shambling politeness and faux-naive modesty. With a shy smile, he often looks down as he speaks, while deflecting questions with self-deprecating jokes. The 36-year-old comic's almost childlike behavior conceals his status as a Hollywood workaholic who's unwaveringly loyal to his friends. "I was in his office 12 hours a day, and he was either working with me, or working on editing something else, or working on one of his other projects," said David Dorfman, screenwriter of "Anger Management," which co-stars Sandler and Jack Nicholson. "He worked nonstop." Sandler has used his clout not only to gain greater control over his own films, but also to boost the careers of former "Saturday Night Live" friends such as Rob Schneider, David Spade and Dana Carvey by guiding their pet projects through the studio system. Dorfman described Sandler as "a benevolent mogul," and Carvey said his 2002 film, "The Master of Disguise," would have gone nowhere without Sandler's help. "I mean, I owe him. I don't really know why he did it, you'd have to ask him. But it was great to have him push it through. I guess I was nice to him on 'Saturday Night Live,' " Carvey said, adding with a laugh: "Thank God." Critical roasting But some Sandler favors backfire. He gave directing duties of "The Master of Disguise" to his longtime production designer Perry Andelin Blake, although Blake had no previous experience. Critics complained that the film was a mess, and Sony was still reworking the movie shortly before its release last summer. Carvey had already starred on the late-night comedy show for five years when Sandler began appearing in 1991, the same year as Spade, whose 2001 film, "Joe Dirt," and upcoming "Dickie Roberts: Former Child Star" were produced by Sandler. Sandler co-stars with Jack Nicholson in "Anger Management." During his five-year run on the show, Sandler was known for impish characters such as Canteen Boy and musical bits such as Operaman.

Kelly’s Assignment in Japan Case Answers

Kelly’s Assignment in Japan Title: Solutions to Kelly’s Assignment in Japan Case Study Module Title and Number: Managing Across Borders MGT 3203 Date : January 28, 2013 Word Count : 1650 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTERPAGE Introduction3 Culture Shock Stages Reflection†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 Assessment of Clashes5 Successful International Assignments 5 Suggestions to Remedy the Situation6 Conclusion7 REFERENCES8 APPENDICES Appendix 1 10 Appendix 2 11 Appendix 3 13 INTRODUCTION The American and Japanese cultures have been compared in a general context for their contrasting values.In addition, the two cultures have been described as ‘‘polar extremes’’ by Barnlund (1975) as stated by (Khan et al. 2009) , pointing to Japanese being reserved and formal whereas the American being self-asserti ve and informal. When accepting assignments in foreign countries as expatriates, cultural differences are important to consider. More importantly, cross-cultural management is a matter an expatriate should be prepared for and which the company should give importance to. In this case, Kelly an American employee, who is a programme manager working in the US accepted an assignment in Tokyo, Japan.She had little time to decide but she accepted the offer and the family moved to Tokyo. This report starts with explaining the stages of culture shock the family experienced. The report then summarizes the cultural clashes that took place in the case which were a result of cultural differences and lack of orientation, preparation and training. After that, the report highlights the factors Kelly should have considered before accepting the offer and gives recommendations on how the company should have offered this international assignment.Finally, suggestions of what can be done to remedy the si tuation are proposed. CULTURE SHOCK STAGES REFLECTION (Answer to Second Question) Culture Shock as defined by the oxford dictionary is â€Å"the feeling of disorientation experienced by someone when they are suddenly subjected to an unfamiliar culture, way of life, or set of attitudes†. Culture Shock occurs in four main stages, which are clearly illustrated by Oberg’s U-Curve model (Refer to Appendix 1).Black and Mendenhall (1991) point out that it is the most commonly used model; therefore, it is utilized to analyze the culture shock stages Kelly and her family went through as follows: Stage One: The honeymoon stage is when individuals feel positive when being in a different culture. This took place when the family arrived and spent the weekend looking at the city. It was a holiday and positive feeling phase. This stage is also reflected on Kelly’s first day at work and her Husband’s first day setting up their new life in Japan. Their encouragement to be come acquainted is a reflection of the honeymoon stage.According to Uwaje (2009) the person in this stage can be described as interested, curious and open-minded. Stage Two: The crises stage occurs â€Å"when cultural differences result in problems at work, home and in daily living† (Deresky, 2011). This stage started to take place at the second working day when Kelly felt irritated by the Japanese because she did not receive the presentations. Moreover, all family members were experiencing this stage as feelings of rejection to the life style in Japan arose. In this case, the associations linked to the crises stage can be divided into two kinds.The first is work and school related, seeing that all family members are experiencing problems related to their professional lives. Likewise, language was a difficulty since differences in language may present a huge barrier as noted by Uwaje (2009). Language was an obstacle to Kelly’s children adjusting at school, Joe getting a job and Kelly communication complications. The second was home and daily life related. This included entertainment facilities (TV, Parks), social life, and even basics of life (food, language). A negative atmosphere was the feeling the family was experiencing.It is known that many individuals do not bypass this stage. Moreover, McFarland (2006) reported that 40% of expatriates fail to complete their abroad assignment. In this case, the crises stage lasted for 4 months. Kelly then realized that she had to make a decision between rejecting or accepting the assignment. Kelly and her family are experiencing a phase between the second and third stages of the cultural shock. Stage Three and Four: The Adjustment and Biculturalism stages are when individuals start to comprehend the new culture then accept and respect the cultural variations.Kelly is deciding on whether to adjust or not. If the family continues then they would move to the third stage. However, if they leave then they would not reach the third and fourth stages. ASSESSMENT OF CLASHES (Answer to First Question) Being in a different culture may result in clashes because peoples’ expectations, interpretations and values differ. In this case, many clashes occurred during the early culture shock stages with the Japanese but not the American or German team members whom values are similar to Kelly’s (Refer to Appendix 2 A and B).The clashes are linked to the differences between the American and Japanese national cultures. Therefore, Hofstede’s and Trompenaar’s frameworks are deployed to evaluate the clashes (Refer to Table Appendix 3) since these frameworks provide an excellent basis for understanding cultural differences (Higgs, 1994). These clashes can be seen when Kelly requested for separate presentations from every team member. This revealed the Japanese collective, high context and masculine culture and how different it is from the American culture.Moreover, the Americans an d Germans ,being affective cultures, accepted to talk about their achievements and families whereas the Japanese did not as they were more neutral and formal. In addition, Japan is known for its power distance culture where formalities especially with clients and employees who are of higher-level is a must. Adding to that, getting direct to business is accepted in the US due to its universalistic culture but not in Japan’s particulistic culture. The culture in Japan is also high context seeing that rejecting Kelly’s proposal was done in a nonverbal and implicit communication manner.The cultural clashes were also a result of unexpected living space, demographics and qualifications creating many conflicts. It can also be argued that if a Japanese colleague joined Kelly’s meeting with the client, a better negotiation outcome may have been a result. This is because understanding the client’s culture plays a crucial role in the negotiation process (Deresky, 20 11). Clashes were also related to the leisure aspect of life. In short, many cultural clashes due to both cultures different values arose throughout the case. SUCCESSFUL INTERNATIONAL ASSIGNMENTS Answer to Third Question) In this case both Kelly, and the company should have considered key factors to insure a successful international assignment as explained below: Employee Kelly should have given the decision more thought and time and should have asked for training. Moreover, she should have insured that there is a position for her husband and asked about the kids’ school while she was in the US. For instance, setting a video conference with the school’s management and class teachers could have been a way of knowing the atmosphere she will put her children in.Furthermore, a circulation of the team members CVs and setting a video conference with the team was necessary to avoid any misunderstandings regarding the team members’ demographics and qualifications. In ad dition, she should have planned for her life when they come back from Japan. Kelly should have asked about her position when she comes back and should have put her house on rent. Company Kelly was offered a tempting compensation package and her technical skills were considered when selecting her, but many key factors were not taken into consideration in the selection and training phases of this assignment.An expatriate selection must consider key success factors including, technical and management skills, one’s personality, emotional intelligence, adaptability and language (Parboteeah and Cullen, 2011). Moreover, training must consider several factors including employee orientation, concerned individuals orientation and perceptual and cultural toughness (Mndenhall and Oddou, 1985). The company should also follow up with the employee while they are in the foreign company and insure that repatriation is well planned (McFarland, 2006).In short, the company should have followed a n IHRM model to select, prepare and train Kelly and the concerned individuals minimizing failure risk. SUGGESTIONS TO REMEDY THE SITUATION (Answer to Forth Question) Kelly has two options; she can return to the US or continue her assignment in Japan. If Kelly chooses to return then she is taking the risk of loosing her job knowing that her husband already resigned and they sold their house. Therefore, Kelly may be in a better situation if she chooses to continue. She can look at her assignment in Japan as an opportunity that enhances her career path.Her management issues can be tackled, especially that she is now aware of the cultural differences. Kelly must request from the company to follow up with her and provide her and the team with comprehensive cross-cultural management training to avoid clashes and misunderstandings between team members, especially in the encoding and decoding of the communication process between the team members (Kwar, 2012). In terms of her husband, he wou ld be searching for a job whether in Japan or the US. The advantage of being in Japan is that his wife’s job is secure and the company indicated that they would support his job search.With regards to the children, the parents can explain to them the benefits of living in Japan. Inviting the children’s classmates may assist in overcoming the social discomfort the children are experiencing at school. The issues of the after school life can be resolved by subscribing with an American TV programs provider allowing them to watch the US programs. Moreover, the family can use a video calling system to interact with their family and friends and can arrange regular visits to the US. In short, taking corrective actions to support the success of the assignment is how to remedy the situation. CONCLUSIONAccepting an international assignment means agreeing to deal with a different culture from the employee’s home one. The selection, preparation and training of a potential exp atriate are key factors that reflect on the success of the international assignment. Failure to implement these factors may result in clashes in culture and the employee may not bypass the crises stage of the culture shock stages resulting is failure to achieve the company’s and employee’s goals. REFERENCES Black, S. and Mendenhall, M. , (1991). The U-Curve Adjustment Hypothesis Revisited: A Review and Theoretical Framework (June 1991).Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 22, Issue 2, pp. 225-247, 1991. Available at: http://ssrn. com/abstract=1805455 or http://dx. doi. org/10. 1057/palgrave. jibs. 8490301, viewed on 20th , December, 2012. Deresky, H. (2011). International Management: Managing Across Borders and Cultures (7th Edition) Pearson Higgs, M. (1994),†Global HR Management and Cross-cultural Issues†, Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, Vol. 1 Iss: 3 pp. 23 – 28, Available at: http://dx. doi. org/10. 1108/eb008379 , viewed on 20th , December 2012. Kawar, T. (2012). Cross-cultural Differences in Management', International Journal Of Business ; Social Science, 3, 6, pp. 105-111, Business Source Complete. Available at: http://mdx. summon. serialssolutions. com/search? s. q=Kawar%2C+T. +(2012). +'Cross-cultural+Differences+in+Management , viewed on 7th , January, 2013. Khan, M. ; Naumann, E. ; Bateman, R. and Haverila M. , (2009),†Cross-cultural comparison of customer satisfaction research: USA vs Japan†, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, Vol. 21 Iss: 3 pp. 376 – 396, Permanent link to this document: http://dx. doi. org/10. 1108/13555850910973856 , viewed on 20th , December 2012.McFarland, J. (2006). ‘CULTURE SHOCK', Benefits Canada, 30, 1, p. 31, Business Source Complete. Available at: http://mdx. summon. serialssolutions. com/search? s. q=CULTURE+SHOCK+McFarland%2C+ , viewed on 20th , December 2012. Mendenhall, M, & Oddou, G 1985, ‘The Dimensions of E xpatriate Acculturation: A Review', Academy Of Management Review, 10, 1, pp. 39-47, Business Source Complete. Available at: http://mdx. summon. serialssolutions. com/search? s. q=The+Dimensions+of+Expatriate+Acculturation, viewed on 20th,January, 2013. Parboteeah K. & Cullen J. (2011) – Strategic International Management. 5th ed) Canada, Nelson Education, Ltd Vesa Peltokorpi (2008). Cross-cultural adjustment of expatriates in Japan, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19:9, 1588-1606. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1080/09585190802294903, viewed 20 December 2012. Uwaje, A. , (2009). Culture shock, Re-Integration and Re-Entry culture shock – Managing Cultural Differences. Munich Business School Thesis. Available at: http://www. munich-business-school. de/intercultural/index. php/Culture_shock,_Re-Integration_and_Re-Entry_culture_shock_-_Managing_Cultural_Differences , viewed on 20th , December 2012. Website: http://oxforddictionaries. om/definition/english/ culture Website:http://oxforddictionaries. com/definition/english/culture%2Bshock? q=culture+shock Website:http://www. britishgermanassociation. org/special. php? pageno=20 Website: http://geert-hofstede. com/united-states. html Website: http://www. munich-business-school. de/intercultural/index. php/Image:Stages_of_culture_shock. jpg APPENDICES Appendix 1 Figure of Culture Shock Stages Source: http://www. munich-business-school. de/intercultural/index. php/Image:Stages_of_culture_shock. jpg Appendix 2 Figure A: Comparison of USA and Japan Hofstede’s Value Dimensions Source: http://geert-hofstede. com/united-states. tml Figure B: Comparison of USA and Germany Hofstede’s Value Dimensions Source: http://geert-hofstede. com/united-states. html Appendix 3 Illustration of Hofstede’s , and Trompenaars’s frameworks with regards to comparing the American and Japanese national cultures. (Deresky, 2011) and (Parboteeah and Cullen , 2011). The table demonstrates the dimensions each research tested. It then states the scores or levels the USA and Japan were given and explains the clash or conflict that took place in Kelly’s Assignment Dimension | USA: Score and Description| Japan: Score and Description| Clash | Hofstede’s Model of National Culture |Power Distance â€Å"Individuals in societies are not equal†| Score: 40Hierarchy is for convenience as the manager or boss is accessible. S/he depends on employees’ expertise. Moreover, communication is informal. | Score: 54 Japan is a mildly hierarchical society compared to other Asian cultures. | Kelly being informal with the Japanese Client was not acceptable. This is seen when she asked for his name, was close to him in terms of distance and patted him on the back. Kelly being friendly with the client creating an embarrassing atmosphere. | Individualism/Collectivism â€Å"I† or â€Å"We†| Score: 91 Individual achievement is seen ideal.Moreover, as America ns do business with strangers so often, they tend not to be shy to approach people in the business world in order to obtain information. They are expected to take initiatives. | Scores: 46 Group decision making is perceived as best. Japanese society is a collectivist one where they work as a group and even decide as a group. | The Japanese employees did not feel motivated when Kelly asked them to present their ideas individually because they come from a culture where consensus plays a major role when making decisions.Kelly comes from an individualistic culture where achievement is all about â€Å"me† and presenting one’s own ideas is an opportunity to achieve recognition. The Japanese culture is collective and they work in groups unlike America’s culture which is more individualistic. | Masculinity / Femininity| Score: 62Americans believe that a person should strive to be the best and find it acceptable to talk about one’s achievements. | Score: 95Japan i s known to be one of the most masculine societies worldwide. | It is difficult for the Japanese to accept a female boss.The team didn’t expect Kelly, the new boss, to me a female. The Japanese addressed their work to Peter instead of Kelly. This is due to either Kelly being a female in a masculine culture or because Kelly asked peter to intervene and they took it sensitively. The client did not direct his questions to Kelly might be because Japan’s culture is masculine. | Uncertainty Avoidance  Ã‚  Ã‚  | Score: 46 Americans accept the unknown meaning the society accepts: Innovation, new ideas and new practices. | Score: 92 Japan score is one of the highest worldwide. It is difficult to see changes in their culture. Opportunity: For Kelly as an American, it’s easier to adjust to a new culture than others who score high in uncertainty avoidance. This includes the Japanese ideas at work, food and lifestyle. | Long-term Orientation | Score: 29 USA is a short-term oriented culture. Americans value quick results at work. | Score: 80 Japan is a long-term oriented culture. Long-term returns are more important than short-term returns). | This dimension may have not been taken into consideration when Kelly finalized the report and may have been a reason on why the proposal was rejected. | 7 d Cultural Dimensions Model by Trompenaars|Universalism versus Particularism| US is high in applying rules and systems | Japan is low and deals with others based on personal relationships| Kelly wanted to present directly instead of first building a relationship with the client. However , getting direct to business in the US business world is accepted due to its universalistic culture but not in Japan due to its particulistic culture. | Neutral versus Affective â€Å"Express emotions even in business†| 54 US medium| 98 Japan very high and consider expressing feelings at work unprofessional| Kelly created an awkward situation when she asked the Japanese a bout their families.The result of being informal with them was opposite to lightning up the atmosphere which is what Kelly was trying to do. | Specific versus Diffuse â€Å"separate work from personal issues and relationships and more open and direct†| 77 US is highly specific| 57 Japan medium| The outing after work wasn’t accepted by Kelly as she comes from a highly specific culture| Achievement versus Ascription| 97 Status is based on achievement| 53 Status is based on class, age, gender etc. Kelly is not seen as having the authority by the Japanese because of her gender| Past , Present, Future or mixture| US is future oriented which implies that change is beneficial | Not applicable to the case| | Control of versus Nature| Not applicable to the case| Not applicable to the case| | Individualism| 77| 6| Mentioned in Hofstede Dimensions| High verses Low Context| US is low| Japan is High| The Japanese did not inform Kelly that they prefer to do work in groups, they did not give previous notice about the presentation delay.They did not speak about the way they prefer to work and used body language more than word expressions. The client had little eye contact with Kelly and was not frank with her regarding his opinion on whether they will accept the proposal or not. The client’s nonverbal communication through lowering his

Humans or Robots? Essay

As Americans, we are told from a young age that in order to have a fulfilling life we must work hard to reach the American Dream. We must get an impressive degree; we must get married by age thirty to someone of the opposite sex; we must have two kids—one boy and one girl; and most importantly we must work a nine-to-five job, writing reports at a desk in a successful corporate business. If one does not fulfil these requirements, others expect that they probably were not up to par, or as deserving, as the other Joe Schmo who did. In Daniel Orozco’s short story, â€Å"Orientation,† the narrator is showing a new employee around the office, telling him/her about all of the rules that he/she must follow, about the personal lives of the other employees’, and about the â€Å"perks† he/she will have as an employee. By illustrating the corporate workplace as being void of any human element, the story argues that the workplace is an impersonal and a relentles sly unforgiving environment, and that people should be aware of this crisis in corporate America, and furthermore see the faults of the corporate workplace. The story begins with the narrator telling the new employee rules about his/her phone, and that he/she may not answer it or make any personal phone calls, unless it is an emergency. However, after the narrator tells the new employee what he/she must do in the case of an emergency call, the narrator describes the consequences to not following the rules by saying, â€Å"If you make an emergency phone call without asking, you may be let go† (484). This illustrates the company’s capacity for human emotion (which is obviously extremely low), showing that the company’s value of its rules is more important than any emergency. An emergency is something that comes up unexpectedly and needs to be attended to right away to fix the problem. In this case, the company has no empathy for its employees but rather for the efficiency of the business. The employees are expected to put their job before everything in their lives, even though a job is, in most cases, a source to suppo rt the other aspects of their lives. The narrator goes on to point out the receptionist who is a temporary employee, but is only labeled temporary because historically they always  seem to quit. The narrator states, â€Å"Be polite and civil to our temps. Learn their names. Invite them to lunch occasionally. But don’t get too close to them, as it only makes it more difficult when they leave† (484). The narrator is instructing the new employee to be â€Å"polite† and â€Å"civil† to the receptionist, which contrasts the human tendency to want to be friendly to co-workers. This illuminates the narrator as being robotic and emotionless, just like the company. The narrator and the company alike are incapable of genuine emotion, which is evident when the narrator tells the new employee to be â€Å"polite† and â€Å"civil† but to not get too attached. The emotional ability of the narrator is clearly forced when he/she tells the employee to be â€Å"civil† towards the receptionists, to â€Å"learn their names†, and to â€Å"invite them to lunch occasionally.† The low magnitude of what the narrator perceives as friendly is disturbingly unhuman-like. The narrator has no difficulty telling the new employee to put in the bare minimum of his/her emotional effort, by purely tolerating the receptionist, without being too mean or too nice to her. The narrator expects the new employee to be just as detached and emotionless as the company, because if he/she is not, it would only make it emotionally harder for him/her to endure the emotionless acts and values of the company. In another attempt to make the company appear good, the narrator tells the new employee about the comprehensive health plan that covers the costs of any family illness or tragedy. The narrator uses the example that if anything happened to any of Larry Bagdikian’s daughters, all expenses would be covered and that, â€Å"he would have nothing to worry about† (486). The irony behind this is that if an illness or tragedy happened to any of his daughters, he would have the illness or tragedy to worry about rather than the breadth of his health plan. Like any good father, he would fret about his child’s well-being above any financial costs. This piece of evidence has a strong connection back to when the narrator said that if the new employee ever made an emergency phone call without asking, the new employee would be let go. Another example of how the comprehensive health plan does not take away worry is when the narrator talks about how Barry Hacker’s wife died, and how she was completely covered but she has â€Å"haunt[ed] him† (487) since. The company’s comprehensive health plan shows that the company expects  family illnesses and tragedies to come up, but the company would rather make up for their lack of empathy during the emergency, when it is already too late and has turned into a tragedy. Although the company tries to make the comprehensive health plan look like a perk to the job, Orozco argues that it is more of a plan to compensate for the company’s faults and is purely intended to take employees’ attention away from the corrupt workplace environment. An ongoing pattern throughout the story that illuminates the strict workplace environment is shown in the repetition of, â€Å"you may be let go†. A good example of this is when the narrator states, â€Å"Feel free to ask questions. Ask too many questions, however, and you may be let go† (484). In a humane workplace, there are typically universal rules that, if broken, would result in an employee being fired. However, the company’s rules that will get an employee fired are all irrational. The company expects its employees to act without human error and to balance everything with perfect proportion. This is manifested when the narrator says to not ask â€Å"too many questions† but does not tell the new employee what that exactly means. The amount of questions that the new employee will perceive as too many is subjective, but the narrator sees it as an objective amount and expects the new employee to also see it objectively and without further clarification. The narrator goes on to explain the rules about the coffee pool and the microwave oven. When talking about the coffee pool, the narrator says, â€Å"You are allowed to join the coffee pool of your choice, but you are not allowed to touch the Mr. Coffee† (486). Immediately after, the narrator goes on to describe the rules for the microwave oven when he/she states, â€Å"You are allowed to heat food in the microwave oven. You are not, however, allowed to cook food in the microwave oven† (486). When it comes down to it, the company’s strict guidelines have little to do with the company itself. The rules for the Mr. Coffee and the microwave oven are both very simple and perplexing. Rules are generally used as safety precautions or for efficiency. Touching the Mr. Coffee and cooking food in the microwave oven have nothing to do with safety or efficiency, and have everything to do with the unforgiving and power-driven nature of the company. Through the absence of any human element, the story argues that the corporate workplace is emotionless and harsh and that it sends a negative message to corporate workplace employees. Orozco’s agenda behind writing â€Å"Orientation† was to articulate how corporate bureaucracies exploit their employees by subjecting them to irrational standards and by expecting them to work without human error. I agree with Orozco because corporate businesses tend to care more about the money and the success rate of the business, rather than their employees. This subjects the employees to neglect and in essence makes them slaves to their workplace. The message is not outdated, and the workplace conditions are currently, in my opinion, more taxing than the author intended to portray. The message that we should always be aware of the faults in the corporate workplace will never be outdated, and furthermore it is important to remember our history for generations to come so that the history of corporate workplace conditions does not repeat itself.