The Time Charterparty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Time Charterparty - Essay Example Essentially, contracts were just oral agreements between the concerned persons but whoever should contracts be written agreements? In order to maintain legality the need for writing an agreement is important for the agreement and moreover agreements must meet a number of criteria to be legally valid: All the parties must be in agreement and something of value must be exchanged in the process. Different states have laws that allow whether given contracts need to be written or not. With a clear understanding of the contract law a closer look at what happens during an agreement between the parties and the exchange process is important. Agreement Between Parties Although it may seem obvious to talk about an agreement since when two parties enter into a contract they must have come to an agreement. However this is an essential element for any contract to be valid and all the parties must agree on major issues in the contract. Although there might be situations that prevent an agreement from being fully settled at and with regard to this different states have rules defining when an agreement legally exists. Offer and Acceptance A legal contract exists when one party makes an offer and the other party accepts it. This however would be orally or in writing. In normal businesses today, once an offer has been made it must be accepted for the deal to go on but however there would be situations when one party may be slow in fully settling the agreement and would think about it for a while or try to get a better deal. Thus unless an offer states an â€Å"expiry† date it however remains open for a â€Å"reasonable† period of time. To avoid any conflicts the best way to make an offer is to include an expiry date.3 In the sea there are often contracts of hire for vessels. This is for a specific period of time and hence the name â€Å"time charter hire†. Different lawyers have got a different interpretation of the laws relating to time charter hire. In this paper, different terms and concepts would be introduced. An in depth analysis of the charter party clauses for both hire and freight follows and finally a closer look on the two statements provided and a conclusion that reflects which of the two statements from Satya Kamal and Lord Denning’s cases best shows how the law relating to time charter hire should be applied. Terms and Concepts Time Charter Party The Time Charter Party is also called the Voyage Charter. It is governed by the general rules that bind the contract of law whereby there should be an offer and acceptance and that the two parties must have agreed on given terms and conditions. Moreover, the contract should be in writing or orally whatever the two parties agree on for the contract to be legal. In other terms, a Time Charter is a contract for the services to be given by the owner of a ship to a charterer. The services are usually given by the owner’s employees usually servants led by the master and the members are the crew.4 The charterer has does not receive any interest for use of the vessel but the services being rendered by the shipâ₠¬â„¢s owner are the ones that matter. Moreover, the charterer benefits from the commercial use of the vessel by giving the instructions to the servants on the cargoes to be loaded and the voyages to be undertaken and other orders may be given by the charterer in accordance with the terms and agreements of the charter-party. The charter-party has a duration that implicates the period of service but not limited to the geographical area covered or the amount of load carried. Thus time charter does not provide for freight, laytime and the charterer is obliged to pay for hire, delivery, redelivery and

A Search on the Word Hysterical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Search on the Word Hysterical - Essay Example One of the sources for the word hysterical took up the psychoanalytic perspective of the word, explaining why a person would be hysterical through relating it with development especially during childhood.2 Here, the same symptoms of hysteria- lack of control of emotions- are seen as defining the personality. Hence, the concept of a hysterical personality arises, where the individual experiences the symptoms of hysteria continually rather than isolated. The hysterical person has a neurotic condition underlying the neurotic symptoms observed. The origin of the hysterical personality is traced from fixation at one point during the individual’s development. Here, the individual is seen to be fixated at the infantile stage from where they cannot achieve actuality as adult human beings. This source also argues that hysterical personality, just as compulsive personality, manifests in multiple ways and cannot be entirely described as a homogenous occurrence among the individuals. The very origin of the word in this case is the Greek word hyster which translates to uterus. A closer look at the role of language in culture explains the observation of the disconnect between the uterine Greek source of the word and the contemporary meaning. It is noted that, in the male dominated culture, language treats things of greater significance or value as being masculine and those of lesser significance as feminine.3 This is clearly manifested in the word hysterical; a lack of control of emotions is perceived as negative, and associated with femininity as indicated by the source of the word-uterus. In contrast, a positive aspect such as moral worth is described by virtuous whose origin is â€Å"vir† the Greek word for â€Å"man†. Here, it is clear that language helps mirror dominant social perceptions and even aids in their perpetuation as in the case of the word hysterical. Another perspective of the hysteria can be obtained through establishing the person usin g the language. For an individual not well versed in medicine or semantic development of language, hysteria bears a totally different and independent meaning4. To this population, arguably the majority, the original basic meaning of the word hysteria is lost. Whereas psychoanalysts and doctors historically viewed the word as conveying symptoms of psychiatric disorder, to the contemporary world the word means string emotional reactions. The original word loses its description of a personality status in a patient and describes a state of emotions even in a normal person. In daily use, hysteria even takes light meanings of â€Å"very funny† such as when used to describe a joke. Here, it is clear that the original meaning of the words is lost or difficult to trace for the majority of people, and the debate on the word remains constrained to sociological standpoint perspectives. The various views on the lexicology of the word hysteria bring forth the question of when persons who h old different meanings of the word interact. It is noted that although the word may have lost its Greek uterine original meaning, the Greek element still persists in English medical terms such as hysteroscopy and hysterectomy.5 However, the dominant meaning for the word hysterical is uncontrolled emotions by both men and women, without any reference to the uterus. Haliday and Teubert cite an example of a clash of meanings on the word; a witness had described a man as being hysterical to which the lawyer had brought forth the uterine source of the wor

Choose from the book Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Choose from the book - Essay Example He played a significant role, in the Watergate scandal, by supporting his president through the aftermath of the scandal. Question # 5 The two primary objectives of the Women’s Movement were protecting of homes and acting against the negativities of alcohol abuse. It encouraged women to stand up and participate in nation building. It advocated for a healthy lifestyle and shunning all that was defective, in society. Question # 6 The Gulf of Tonkin incident occurred on the East coast of North Vietnam and to the West Coast of Hainan Island. Vietnamese torpedo patrol boats attacked the American destroyer, Maddox, marking the official involvement of the United States of America in the Vietnam War through the signing of a decree by the then president. Question # 7 My Lai massacre took place on March 16TH 1968. It was a village with 700 people South East of a United States army base in Danang. It involved the killing of village civilians amounting to between 347 to 504 people killed by the American forces. Question # 8 Tet is the name given to the Vietnamese New Year. The Tet offensive was conducted on the Tet of 1968, by the communist forces, on all Southern Vietnamese cities, including an attack on the American embassy where many civilians were killed escalating the situation even further to an all out war. Question # 9 The Iran-Contra was a secret action by the United States that was not affirmed by congress. It happened in 1985 when the United States administration under President Ronald Reagan, supplied weapons to Iran in exchange for hostages that were being held by Hezbollah a terrorist outfit loyal to Ayatollah Khomeini the Iran leader. Proceeds from this sale were given to the Contra guerrillas in Nicaragua. The Contras were armed opposition to Nicaragua’s Sandinista Junta, of National Reconstruction, which formed after Anastasio Somoza Dabayle was overthrown from government ending his dictatorship regime. Question # 10 Bob Woodward and Carl Ber nstein were two Washington Post reporters who broke out the Water-gate scandal to the public. They got their information from a source they called Deep Throat, whose real identity they never revealed to protect their source of information, which was allowed by law and enshrined, in the constitution. The law is still applicable up to today to protect journalist’s sources. Question # 11 The Gorbachev policy of Perestroika and Glasnost were the two policies that were put into practice, in the USSR. Perestroika was the democratization of the communist party allowing civilians to have a modest ay in government, economic reform by allowing some industries to operate semi-privately and end price control through a semi-free market system. Glasnost meant openness which increased the freedom of expression in the media and in the people which helped whistle blowing and exposing corruption. Question # 12 A group of Communist Hardliners led by his former vice president Gennady Yanayev arr ested and imprisoned Gorbachev. President Boris Yeltsin convinced them to release him. Question # 13 The destruction of the Berlin Wall marked the symbolic end of the Cold-War which united the communist East and the capitalist West Germany into one capitalist state. Question #14 President Clinton was impeached because for high crimes of perjury, abuse of power and obstruction of justice. The allegations

A Search on the Word Hysterical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Search on the Word Hysterical - Essay Example One of the sources for the word hysterical took up the psychoanalytic perspective of the word, explaining why a person would be hysterical through relating it with development especially during childhood.2 Here, the same symptoms of hysteria- lack of control of emotions- are seen as defining the personality. Hence, the concept of a hysterical personality arises, where the individual experiences the symptoms of hysteria continually rather than isolated. The hysterical person has a neurotic condition underlying the neurotic symptoms observed. The origin of the hysterical personality is traced from fixation at one point during the individual’s development. Here, the individual is seen to be fixated at the infantile stage from where they cannot achieve actuality as adult human beings. This source also argues that hysterical personality, just as compulsive personality, manifests in multiple ways and cannot be entirely described as a homogenous occurrence among the individuals. The very origin of the word in this case is the Greek word hyster which translates to uterus. A closer look at the role of language in culture explains the observation of the disconnect between the uterine Greek source of the word and the contemporary meaning. It is noted that, in the male dominated culture, language treats things of greater significance or value as being masculine and those of lesser significance as feminine.3 This is clearly manifested in the word hysterical; a lack of control of emotions is perceived as negative, and associated with femininity as indicated by the source of the word-uterus. In contrast, a positive aspect such as moral worth is described by virtuous whose origin is â€Å"vir† the Greek word for â€Å"man†. Here, it is clear that language helps mirror dominant social perceptions and even aids in their perpetuation as in the case of the word hysterical. Another perspective of the hysteria can be obtained through establishing the person usin g the language. For an individual not well versed in medicine or semantic development of language, hysteria bears a totally different and independent meaning4. To this population, arguably the majority, the original basic meaning of the word hysteria is lost. Whereas psychoanalysts and doctors historically viewed the word as conveying symptoms of psychiatric disorder, to the contemporary world the word means string emotional reactions. The original word loses its description of a personality status in a patient and describes a state of emotions even in a normal person. In daily use, hysteria even takes light meanings of â€Å"very funny† such as when used to describe a joke. Here, it is clear that the original meaning of the words is lost or difficult to trace for the majority of people, and the debate on the word remains constrained to sociological standpoint perspectives. The various views on the lexicology of the word hysteria bring forth the question of when persons who h old different meanings of the word interact. It is noted that although the word may have lost its Greek uterine original meaning, the Greek element still persists in English medical terms such as hysteroscopy and hysterectomy.5 However, the dominant meaning for the word hysterical is uncontrolled emotions by both men and women, without any reference to the uterus. Haliday and Teubert cite an example of a clash of meanings on the word; a witness had described a man as being hysterical to which the lawyer had brought forth the uterine source of the wor

Nurse Roles & Functions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nurse Roles & Functions - Essay Example Alternatively, nurses also play instrumental roles in CQI by ensuring that they follow the prescribed rules and systems set by the healthcare organization. Nurses must also improve their service provision approaches to avoid errors experienced in the workplace. The various types of organizational hazards encountered while working at a local hospital entail injuries, accidents, inadequate equipment and congestion (Vincent, 2010). The preventive strategies that should be implemented to prevent workplace-related injuries include the provision of safety gears like gloves, cleaning the wards and the procurement of more equipment. The safety issues in health care, such as prevention of blood borne illnesses is to ensure that nurses use gloves when attending to patients (Vincent, 2010). The prevention of needle stick equipment is by disposing all the used syringes at the correct dump bins where children and other people cannot access them. The prevention of back injury can be handled by avoiding carrying of heavy items or placing medical equipment at places where others cannot overstretch to reach them (Vincent,

Study of Demographics Essay Example for Free

Study of Demographics Essay The city of Wildwood is a sleepy city in the county of Sumter in Florida. It is a city which is primarily similar to the Wildwood’s initial economy that was put together around the lumber industry. A business man by the name of Barwick constructed and had possession of a timber mill close tor town. In the year of 1882 is when the railroad emanated to Wildwood in, and Wildwood became the hub for the railroad until the 1960’s and that is when Seaboard Coastline inaugurated â€Å"laying off† workers (Visit communities in Sumer, 2014). After Seaboard Coastline railroad degenerated in the 1960’s, there were a hardly any farsighted select few which were competent enough to efficaciously redirect the township. This is the point where a shopping center was constructed and it is when the Floridas Turnpike was completed in 1964 (soon followed by I-75), it was the efforts of J.W. Peebles and E.C. Rowell that got the Wildwood-. The U.S. census for 2010 demographic profile for Wildwood, Florida is the hub of transportation for the central western part of the state. Wildwood is where Interstate 75 and the Florida Turnpike intersects (Visit communities in Sumer, 2014) Wildwood’s has a total population of 3,551. The following 2010 U.S. census reports the housing status (in housing units unless noted) at a total of 2,197 of those 1,608 are occupied and of those 1,281 are owner-occupied. The population in owner-occupied (number of individuals) 2,731, those renter-occupied numbered at 327. Population in renter-occu pied dwellings (number of individuals) is valued at 820 of those households with individuals fewer than 18 estimated at 343. With the number of vacant properties was 589; there are 55 vacant for rent, 67 vacant and for sale. The population by sex and age; Male- 1,746 Female 1,805 Under 18 630 18 over 2,921 20 24 140 25 34 278 35 49 646 50 64 777 65 over 1,012 Population by Ethnicity; Hispanic or Latino -82 Non-Hispanic or Latino 3,469 Population by Race: White- 3,383 African American 52 Asian- 28 American Indian and Alaska Native- 10 (QuickFacts:Locate a counti.., 2012) The reported 2010 household income statistics for the City of Wildwood, Florida states that there are those who have less than $15,000 in earnings a year. With a mere 10% of families’ income is between $15,000 and $24,999, 15% of families income is $25,000 to $49,999, then 20% have between $35,000 to $49,999. The median wage of Wildwood is those making $50,000 to $74,999 are rated the most with a total of approximately 22%, and 5% earn $100,000.00 to $124,999, $124.999 to $149.999 is 5%, 1% earns $150.00 to $199,999.99 and 2% with earnings $200,000.00 (Wildwood, FL Household Incomes, 2012). Of those in the city of Wildwood the population was stretched out with 22.3% of the people are under age 18, 6.5% are between 18 to 24, 18.4% from 25 to 44, 19.0% are 45 to 64, and 33.8% who were 65 years of age or older. â€Å"The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females there were 83.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.2 males† (QuickFacts:Locate a counti.., 2012). The City of Wildwood’s educational level is based upon C LRsearch.com approximately 20% did not complete high school,40% completed high school, 20% had some college, 55 completed an associates program, 105 completed a bachelor degree program, and 55 had completed a Graduate Degree at age 25 or  more (Wildwood, Fla Education Le., 2012). Employment statistics for all potential employees (population age 16+); civilian males 195, civilian females 18%, 1% of males are in the armed forces, 0 females in service, 2% males and females unemployed, 28% males not among work force, and 32% of the females not in work force (Wildwood Employment, Occupation and Industry, 2012). The English language is the dominant language with Spanish coming in second amongst the city’s 42 ministries in Wildwood ranging from Baptist 6, Church of -1. Episcopal Church -1 Churches, Temples, and Shrines – 9, Christian and Reformed Church – 1, Brethren Church – 1, Miscellaneous Denomination Church 6 (Visit communities in Sumer, 2014), Industries associated with the trucking industry and lumber is a major factor in the economy and according to observation has that this city will continue to grow in these fields. The area’s geography, demographics, and tax deductions for businesses, fuel the motive for businesses to locate in Wildwood. It makes perfect sense since the area has plenty of labor; it is at the hub of Interstate 75 and the Florida Turnpike. The natives are well versed in English as the language of the majority. References QuickFacts:Locate a counti.. (2012, n.d. n.d.). Retrieved March 16th, 2014, from U.S. Department of Commerce U.S. Census Bureau: http://quickfacts.census.gov/cgi-bin/qfd/lookup?state=12000 Visit communities in Sumer. (2014, n.d. n.d.). Retrieved March 16th, 2014, from Sumter County Chamber of Commerce: http://www.sumterchamber.org/sumter-government.asp Wildwood Employment, Occupation and Industry. (2012, n.d. n.d.). Retrieved March 16, 2014, from CLRresearsh.com: http://www.clrsearch.com/Wildwood-Demographics/FL/Employment-Occupation-and-I

Wetlands :: essays research papers

Soil and land managment Soil and Land Management The soil triangle is graph that helps the person determine the type of soil they are testing. This type of graph being a triangle has three sides. The first side, or right side is the percent of silt found in the soil sample. The second side, or the bottom is the percent of sand found in the soil sample. The third side, or the right side is the percent of clay found in the soil sample. You read the graph from right to left being silt, sand, to clay. There are twelve different classes of soil. The classes are sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, loam, silt loam, silt, sandy clay loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay, silty clay, and clay. The particle size analysis we did I thought was very confusing, and unnecessary. The view of the soil underneath the microscope wasn’t very much different from the view without it, or at least I couldn’t tell much difference. The two millimeter mark on the paper was also very confusing. I had no idea of what I was doing during the particle size analysis. The mechanical soil analysis was much more to my liking. I understood the whole process and loved the project we did with it. From the begging when we went outside to collect the soil samples to when we were finished waiting the 24 hours for the water and soil particles to settle. After we mixed the right amount of dirt and water into the sample tube we had made two recordings of the percent of sand, silt, and clay. After that we took the readings over to the soil triangle to determine the type of soil that we had collected. The way soil is formed is not all that complicated. First soil begins as a rock and then is broken dependent upon the weathering factors. Soil types are based upon the type of rock from which they are made. Rock particles are further broken into various smaller sizes of rocks and minerals, then small plants such as lichens and mosses begin to grow on the rock surfaces. Dead plant materials or organic matter are mixed with rock fragments, and as more organic matter is formed, larger plant forms such as ferns, grasses, and shrubs take root. After that process bacteria and fungi break down the organic matter into simpler nutrients that are released into the soil, further aiding plant growth. The downside to this is that